"Wave? Oh, the other kind..."
I STRONGLY suggest you visit this web page for a general understanding of waves.
You could also watch any of the videos below:
Introduction to waves: Introduction to transverse and longitudinal waves
Amplitude, period, frequency and wavelength of periodic waves: Amplitude, period, frequency and wavelength of periodic waves
Introduction to the doppler effect: Introduction to the Doppler Effect
There are also more videos to be found
here specifically on waves that get a little more into detail, but aren't perfectly relevant, they just may aid in understanding, or can pacify the curious.
Introduction to harmonic motion: Intuition behind the motion of a mass on a spring (some calculus near the end).
Harmonic motion part 2 (calculus): We test whether Acos(wt) can describe the motion of the mass on a spring by substituting into the differential equation F=-kx
Harmonic motion part 3 (no calculus): Figuring out the period, frequency, and amplitude of the harmonic motion of a mass attached to a spring.
11.1 Simple harmonic motion
Hookes law
Mass/Spring simulation
Simple harmonic motion I
11.2 Measuring simple harmonic motion
Wave on a string
11.3 Properties of waves
Damped harmonic motion
Driven harmonic motion
11.4 Wave interactions
How we know light behaves as a wave
Interferance in waves
Wave interferance simulation
Chapter homework:
6 thru 9;
13 thru 21;
29 thru 35;
40 thru 43.